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CoExtra Library - Project deliverables

Public Deliverables of the Co-Extra project

In the course of the project, the Co-Extra partners have written numerous deliverables dealing, for example, with gene flow mitigation, with GMO detection and sampling techniques and with the legal as well as the social implications of Coexistence and Traceability with regard to GM and non-GM supply chains. Whilst some deliverables are confidential and restricted to project participants and the European Commission, all public deliverables may be downloaded from the links below. Any member of the public may register to download these deliverables.

WP1: Biological Approaches For Gene Flow Mitigation

• State of Art of plastid transformation as a containment strategy
  This deliverable provides an overview of the current understanding of the structural properties of the plastid DNA, structure and function of the plastome and the inheritance of plastids and their genomes.
• Report on the genotypes used and preliminary results of sunflower CMS lines
  The study aims to evaluate the reliability of CMS in sunflower as a possible way for preventing the flow of transgenic pollen.
• Report on the genotypes used and preliminary results of sunflower CMS lines and tomato MS lines
  Cytoplasmic and nuclear male sterility were tested in order to evaluate the existence of pollen flow under tomato field condition, and the stability of nuclear male sterility with practical application.
• Report on the genotypes used and preliminary results of the Plus-Hybrid effect in Modern European Maize Hybrids
  One of the biological approaches for gene flow mitigation could be the containment of the transgene in male sterile plants (no release of transgenic pollen) which are cultivated in mixtures with conventional male fertile bred plants, assuming successful fertilization.
• Report on the genotypes used and preliminary results of the CMS trait in modern European maize hybrids
  The stability of the cytoplasmic male sterility for a number of European modern CMS hybrids was tested on the field under different environmental conditions in order to make sure that CMS is a reliable approach of pollen flow biocontainment.
• Report on the study exploring the challenges, gaps, and opportunities linked to the production of CMS crops
  Provisional review on biological gene containment strategies with special focus on CMS maize, cleistogamic rapeseed and chloroplast transformation
• Decision on the relevance of potential biological mitigation techniques / selection of those techniques that are developed and/or validated further
  Analysis and validation of methods for restricting gene flow during cultivation by field experiments located at different sites in Europe with CMS-maize and cleistogamous rapeseed. The stability of these biological mitigation techniques was investigated. In addition, field trials have been carried out to investigate the abilities and potential use of CMS hybrids in a Plus-Hybrid system.
• Report on the review of factors affecting large scale pollen flow
  The nature of factors influencing gene flow through transgenic pollen movement are analysed in order to achieve an effective coexistence management at a landscape scale level and to minimise seed admixture during maize production.

WP5: Development of cost-effective and fit-for-purpose methods and tools for detection of GMO plant taxa and controls.

• Report on ways to improve limit of quantification in GMO detection
  This reports provides a description of an approach for quantification of the presence of genetically modified (GM) DNA in samples with low absolute GM content.

WP6: Technical challenges of GMO detection, including the development of new techniques for detection of unknown GMOs and stacked genes.

• Review on the world wide authorization of gene stacked GMOs in regulation to cGS and the basis for definition of corresponding unique genetic markers
  A position document providing the definition of gene stacking in plants, as well as its implications in relation to genetics, safety, detectability and European regulations.
• Compilation of target sequences suitable for inclusion in multiplex GMO screening assays
  The purpose of this deliverable is primarily to provide an overview on suitable target sequences and to facilitate the sharing of sequence information and also to initiate relevant discussions and actions that ensure the availability and appropriateness of sequence information.
• Status report on target and signal amplification methods alternative to PCR, with focus on multiplexing and integration with e.g. arrays
  Report on the possibilities and limitations of target amplification methods alternative to PCR in combination with signal amplification technologies.

WP7: Integration of project results with respect to legal, scientific, social and ethical issues

• Report on the analysis of trans-border issues with GMOs
  This case study considers how a claim concerning cross-border contamination between genetically modified and non-GM crops (including organically grown crops) between Denmark and Germany would unfold.
• Survey of legal regimes including international treaties
  This report reviews the legal regimes that are associated with the regulation of genetically modified organisms and genetically modified micro-organisms. Legal regimes do not only include international treaties, regional and national primary law, but also international declarations and guidance that may serve to determine the manner in which law is interpreted.
• Report of the traceability and co-existence systems and practices in European non-EU countries
  The aim of this study is to overview the traceability and co-existence systems and practices in European, non-EU countries in order to identify potential similarities, differences, novel good practices or approaches that could be successfully applied by the EU Member States.